Lake Titicaca, the boating lake tourism more high in the world.
Shortly before dawn on Lake Titicaca, a blue haze covers our view and prevents us from looking clearly to our around. Anxious about the cold and calm that precedes the light, dozens of wild Guinea Pigs they scurry through the rocks and the ichu grown from the shore. Lost among the cattails, a small seven colours begins his day with a song short and fearful; the ducks and the collide break the silence of the waters with a sudden stroke of their wings, just when the first ray of sunlight touches the top of a nearby hill. As if it were an act of magic, the fog disappears between the Golden flashes of the reeds and the waters of the Lake begin to reflect the intense blue of the sky serrano. A new day has begun in Lake Titicaca.
Lake Titicaca in Puno at 3,808 meters and a surface near the 8,200 km2 - of which 4,700 are in territory Peru - Lake Titicaca is the highest navigable lake in the world and is, without doubt, the symbol of Puna identity. Lake Titicaca in its deepest part, alongside Island Soto in Peru, reaches 280 meters and has a volume of approximately 840 cubic kilometers and a length of 1,150 km, more than 30 Islands banks. Watershed that forms Lake Titicaca has the length of almost 60 thousand km2 stretching on the plateau of the Collao, in the middle of Eastern and Western Andes cordilleras.
The importance of Lake Titicaca transcends geographical and historical qualities cobra particular value in logical terms to act as a regulator of temperature in the surrounding areas and source of income for the inhabitants of the Highlands. The Cattail communities growing in their waters are a key element in the survival of an important diversity of birds such as the yanavicos (Plegadis ridgwayi), the sietecolores of the reeds (Tachuris rubrigastra), the neotropic (Phleocryptes melanops), the moorhens (Gallinula chloropus), the coot (Fulica ardesiaca), as well as several species of ducks (Anatidae).
The open waters of Lake Titicaca are the habitat of the flamingos (Phoenicopterus chilensis) and an endemic species of the Lake: the Lake Titicaca Grebe (Rollandia microptera). Its frozen Fund is also home to 14 species of fish of the genus Oresuas, commonly called carachi, and Lake Titicaca frog (Telmatobius culeus), a species of great size that uses the long folds of your body to retain scarce oxygen possessing waters.
Threats on the waters of Lake Titicaca
Currently, Lake Titicaca must face the consequences of population growth and the explosive development of the city of Puno, which even pour their wastewater into the Lake without pretreatment. This problem adds the erosion of the banks to causes of overgrazing and indiscriminate logging and the introduction of alien fauna in the waters that preys on the resources of the native species carrying them and extinction, as it is the case for the mackerel and trout that compete with native species such as the ispis and carachi. Nearly 20 thousand hectares of totoral have been lost because of pollution and drought, and the waters of the Bay are covered with lentejilla, a plant that forms a dense green mat that prevents the arrival of light in the Lake and therefore, the process of photosynthesis.To curb these problems required the conclusion of all the actors involved in the conservation of the great Lake: local governments, municipalities, tourism entrepreneurs and villagers themselves. Only in this way they can preserve the biodiversity of these waters for the future.
Protected area: the Titicaca national reserve
In order to protect part of this natural richness of the Titicaca national reserve was created in October 1978, about 36.180 hectares divided into two sectors: Ramis, located in the province of Huancane, at the north end of the Lake; and the sector of the Bay of Puno, near the departmental capital.The Titicaca Grebe
The waters of Lake Titicaca are home to an endemic species (that only develops in this place): the diver of Titicaca (Rollandia Microptera), a bird unable to fly, very similar to a duck, but with pointed beak and small wings that feeds mainly on fish which capture plunging into the icy waters of the Lake to a depth of 100 meters.The titicaca Grebe can measure up to 40 cm and has a yellowish-brown color, but on the ventral side of white color. Tends to build floating nests in dense areas of the totoral which lays its eggs with shell blue. Currently vulnerable due to loss of habitat, poaching and the collection of eggs, and is protected in both sectors
Lake Titicaca
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